How is diabetes mellitus commonly managed in cats?

Managing diabetes mellitus in cats primarily involves a combination of insulin therapy and dietary changes, making this the most effective approach for controlling blood glucose levels. Insulin therapy helps to regulate the cat's blood sugar by facilitating the uptake of glucose into the cells, which is essential since cats with diabetes struggle to produce sufficient insulin or respond to it properly.

Dietary changes are equally important; a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can help manage blood sugar levels more effectively and may even induce remission in some cases. Adjusting the diet not only aids in better glycemic control but also contributes to weight management, which is crucial since obesity can worsen the condition and impede insulin sensitivity.

Oral medications are generally less effective in cats with diabetes compared to insulin, which is why they are not commonly used as the sole treatment method. While increasing exercise levels can be beneficial for overall health and weight management, it is not a standalone treatment for managing diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, encouraging weight gain and reduced activity would be harmful, as these actions can exacerbate the condition rather than help it. Therefore, the combined approach of insulin therapy and dietary modifications is key to effective diabetes management in cats.