Which hormone is primarily responsible for preparing the body for conception and pregnancy?

The hormone that is primarily responsible for preparing the body for conception and pregnancy is progesterone. This hormone plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and maintenance of early pregnancy. After ovulation, progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum and helps to thicken the lining of the uterus, making it suitable for implantation of a fertilized egg.

If implantation occurs, progesterone continues to be produced, supporting the development of the embryo and preventing muscle contractions in the uterus that could lead to miscarriage. Additionally, during the latter stages of pregnancy, progesterone helps to maintain a suitable environment for fetal growth and development.

In contrast, while estrogen is also important in preparing the body for pregnancy, its primary role involves the regulation of the menstrual cycle and the development of female sexual characteristics. Testosterone, primarily known as a male hormone, is less directly involved in conception and pregnancy. Oxytocin, on the other hand, is known for its role in childbirth and lactation rather than in preparing the body for conception.